企业营销危机管理系统构建

建立企业营销危机管理系统,应遵循主动性和诚意性等基本原则。营销危机管理系统由危机预警子系统和危机处理子系统构成。通过子系统的整合设计出企业营销危机管理系统的概念模型,并在此基础上利用灰色理论对营销危机管理系统进行科学评价以实现对实体企业营销危机发展情况的科学检测,进而增强企业对营销危机的抵抗力,降低企业经营风险。     

农民“非农化”的实现模式综述

各地在响应"城乡建设用地增减挂钩"政策号召时,探索出了适合本地的发展模式。在引导"农民上楼"的过程中,山东、浙江、重庆、成都、江苏等地的实现方式颇具特色,这些因地制宜的地方政府政策既具有特殊性,又存在制度上的相似性。在介绍这些模式的基础上,从制度上对其进行了比较,以促进农民非农化实现模式的进一步探索。     

Dynamics of volatility transmission between the U.S. and the Chinese agricultural futures markets

The U.S. and China are two of the biggest players in the world agricultural market. The literature documents that volatility in the U.S. agricultural futures market spills over significantly to that of China. This article provides further insights into the spillovers from China to the U.S. as well as the time horizon and dynamics of the bidirectional spillovers through the application of a multivariate extension of the heterogeneous autoregressive model, in relation to four commodities – soybean, wheat, corn and sugar. The results confirm the existence of significant spillovers from the U.S. to China for four commodities, which are primarily generated by the shorter-term volatility components in the U.S., and provide evidence for the increasing pricing power of the Chinese market. The findings are robust against various specifications and have important investment and policy implications.     

Are Women Less Capable in Managing Crops? Insights from Cotton Production in Northern China

Women’s performance in agriculture matters, as women are becoming increasingly involved in agricultural production worldwide. Many studies have demonstrated that women-led farms perform less well as a result of less access to production factors, but no studies focus on how women perform without this constraint. This study fills that gap by analyzing the case of cotton cropping, which is known for its high labor requirements, high production inputs, and need for technical knowledge. Using primary data collected in northern China over the 2006–9 period, it uses the concept of “Daily Crop Management” (DCM) and identifies DCM farms managed by women whose husbands were engaged in off-farm activities on a long-term basis. The study finds that one-third of all farms were female-DCM farms, that these were smaller than those of their male counterparts but had equal access to production factors and achieved equal if not better technical and economic performances.     

REACHING THE RURAL POOR THROUGH AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVES IN MONGOLIA

This paper focuses on the cooperative sector in central Mongolia. Its aim is to provide new insights into the role and importance of cooperatives among poor rural populations. We analyse cooperatives’ inclusiveness of smaller herders and farmers and cooperatives’ governance structures. The research is based on data collected in selected provinces of the central Töv region. The data were collected for three distinctive target groups – cooperative board members, cooperative members and non‐members. We found that the cooperative sector in Mongolia is strongly affected by the governmental policy regarding wool subsidies, which provides subsidies only to cooperative members and has consequently caused rapid growth in the number of new, free‐riding cooperative members and led to very low levels of members’ self‐identification with their cooperatives. This policy also affects the inner organizational structures of cooperatives. Further, we found indications that poorer farmers tend not to be members of cooperatives and that the overall benefits for non‐members and the general community arising from local cooperatives are rather low.     

技术进步方向、资本-劳动替代弹性对中国农业经济增长的影响

本文从理论上分析了资本-劳动替代弹性和技术进步方向对农业经济增长的影响,估算了28个省份1978-2013年要素替代弹性和技术进步偏向指数。研究结果显示,要素替代弹性大于1,技术进步主要偏向于资本;要素替代弹性和技术进步偏向指数与农业经济增长率呈正相关关系,即要素替代弹性促进农业经济增长,在要素替代弹性大于1的情况下,技术进步偏向资本促进农业经济增长。     

农业水价综合改革的推进困境及成因分析——基于小农户风险视角

农业水价综合改革在部分地区进展相对滞后。利用制度变迁及制度配置理论,分析了农业水价综合改革推进困境的特征及成因。结果表明,农业水价综合改革推进困境的主要特征是部分地区小农户对农业水价提高的接受意愿较低,客观上造成精准补贴和节水奖励难以发挥作用。该困境的核心成因是奖补政策无法缓解改革中的小农户风险,具体表现为:小农户对已有非正式农业用水制度的路径依赖,催生了对农业水价新制度的适应风险;农村社会保障制度等相关初级制度不够完善,加剧了农业水价提高后小农户的生产和生活风险。提出应因地制宜地设计农业水价改革的微观主体管理模式,将生存灌溉补贴和农业保险补贴纳入奖补政策,完善农村基础设施和社会保障体系。     

Using the practice of foreign agricultural logistics for reference

China is a big agricultural country, but because of region, technology, policy and other reasons, Chinese agricultural products have not got a good circulation in nationwide scope. With the diversion of bottleneck which affects peasants＇ income from production field to circulation field, developing agricultural logistics has been a breakthrough to solve rural problems. The paper proposes some references, which are useful to solve ＂three agricultural problems＂, increase peasants＇ income and develop rural economy.     

我国上市公司财务生态系统的构建

在生态学、利益相关者理论和财务管理环境理论的指导下,类比自然生态系统,首先界定了财务生态系统的内涵,分析了财务生态系统的生态特征,在此基础上,从财务信息流转的角度,构建了由生产者、消费者、分解者及环境组成的财务生态系统结构模型,并分析了模型中各组成部分的功能。本文研究认为,财务生态系统具有类似自然生态系统的生态特征,公司只有遵循其生态规律进行财务管理,才能保持财务生态系统的动态平衡,否则将会造成系统失衡,带来的财务问题可能引发公司更深层次的危机,从而影响公司的健康发展和成长。     

紧密垂直协作与农产品质量安全控制的机理分析

本文在阐述垂直协作内涵及相关理论的基础上,深入分析了紧密垂直协作（如生产合同、合作社等）对农产品质量安全控制的作用机理：紧密垂直协作形成保障农产品质量安全的动力源泉,利益攸关与品牌共享需要农产品供应链各利益相关者共同维护农产品的质量安全;紧密垂直协作提供保障农产品质量安全的制度因素,资产专用性促使农产品供应链各利益相关者必须保证质量安全,制度条款帮助农产品供应链各利益相关者规避了质量安全问题。应进一步鼓励农民合作经济组织的发展,进一步支持“公司＋农户”模式的创新,进一步加强对紧密垂直协作形式的监管,从而通过发展完善紧密垂直协作形式来保证农产品质量安全。